Hi, Alex --
With respect to the effect of paste
* GRAINY printing (goma zuri) is obtained when there's little or no
paste in the pigment (and block and brush).
* SMOOTH printing is usually the result of moderate paste in
pigment/block/brush.
* BRUSH MARKS in the prints come from lots of paste in
pigment/block/brush.
You can very quickly 'OWN' this fundamental principal of moku-hanga printing
by conducting a very simple 'experiment':
1. prepare six or ten sheets of the printing paper you prefer -- not
too damp -- allow to relax over night.
2. Clean your best printing brush so there's NO pigment and NO paste
at all remaining in it -- shake it well and let sit 'til paper's ready
(tomorrow).
3. While you wait for your paper to be ready, prepare an uncarved
block of your preferred wood, kento optional for this test (but preferred so
you can get consistent re-printing) - You'll definitely have the CLEAREST
results if the the surface of the block is flat and smooth -- I sand through
400 grit - but YOU should prepare the surface of the block however you
normally print, with the understanding that rough spots, curly grain,
texture from grain, and other variations will 'print' and therefore will
tend to obscure what I think you'll see in the prints you're about to pull.
So I suggest your block be sanded until the surface is mirror-smooth and
shiny (cherry actually shines at 400 grit)!
4. Prepared watercolor will work for this test, but because it
contains a lot of wetting agents, won't give as dramatic results as pigment
suspensions or paste made of dry pigments and alcohol then mixed with water
'to taste'.
5. Dampen your block with water and let it relax for 15 minutes or so,
being sure the surface doesn't dry out - when you're ready to print, the
block should be evenly damp - NO excess moisture - nice matte surface, no
glossy 'wet' spots.
6. With your CLEAN brush (NO PASTE), brush up block with a mid-value
tint of pigment and water - surface before printing should NOT BE WET - just
matte and not 'dry'.
7. Print a sheet or two - feel free to reprint one of the sheets
repeatedly two to five times in order to see the effect of additional
printings. These prints will (hopefully) show pronounced goma-zuri (dotty
or splotchy looking color field)
8. Now, add a couple decent dabs of paste along with pigment and brush
it up and print a sheet or two - These prints should show less goma and look
smoother
9. Continue adding more and more paste (plus pigment of course) with
each new print. Prints should show less and less goma, smoother and
smoother printing until.
10. When you've added TOO much paste,the smooth printing won't be smooth
any more - your brush will begin leaving trails (brush marks) in the prints
- swirls if you swirled your brush, straight if you brushed straight, etc.
OK, now you've "GOT IT" - the ability to control grainy / smooth / brushy
printing solely through paste content of the mix!
Mike
Mike Lyon
Kansas City, MO
http://mlyon.com